Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are a set of rules that make the web more accessible to everyone. It is published by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to make the regulations readily available to people who are creating websites.
These best practices increase the quality of your website and make it accessible and usable to not only people with disabilities but to everyone.
WCAG released different versions or levels of regulations in order to provide a fully accessible solution to all the users. 这种遵从性的三个级别是A、AA和AAA. 这些级别是不同的，但您需要仔细了解它们. The levels are meant to enhance the flexibility and quality of the websites. Even complex designs can maintain the compliance rules using these levels.
The three conformance levels are a decisive factor in your website's success. 此外，它们也会从根本上影响设计. 层次越高，对设计的影响越大. 他们在你的网站设计中留下了他们的印象.
让我们了解更多 WCAG合规等级A、AA、AAA:
Conformance levels of WCAG
- Level A – It is the minimum level. 一个网站应该至少有A级的指导方针，以成为可访问的.
- Level AA – This is an evolved level that includes requirements of level A and additional guidelines of AA. Many organizations try to achieve at least this level in order to be accessible to everyone.
- Level AAA – This one is a higher level. 它有A级、AA级和AAA级要求. The new websites that are being created from scratch using this level to be fully accessible.
A级、AA级和AAA级的差异
To make WCAG easy to understand for every organization, its information is divided into three levels. 这样组织就可以围绕指导方针工作并创造 accessible web development assets for everyone. These levels are A (minimal conformance), AA, and AAA (maximum conformance).
每个级别都不同，但人们可能会感到困惑. To make them clear, we tried curating the levels here more straightforwardly. Let’s have a look at them.
Level A
这是每个网站的最小合规选项. This level focuses on the primary mistake organizations do while creating a website that make websites inaccessible to people with some disabilities.
组织应该遵循的A级准则:
- 图像的所有文本是强制性的.
- 用于预先录制的纯音频或纯视频媒体, 提供一个描述性的文字记录，使其易于理解.
- 标题应该适当地嵌套.
- ARIA labels should be there at specific places to make them recognizable.
- Don’t use div and span; rather, use real elements like links and buttons.
- 内容应该以有意义的方式呈现.
- Content shouldn’t be based only on shape, size, color, sound, or other sensory characteristics.
- If using color for words, background, or links, provide its information in the text.
- 避免在自动播放的内容中包含音频或视频.
- Make sure the user can navigate the content using only keyboard as well.
- There should be pause, stop, hide for moving elements like, videos and animations.
- 不要使用这种在一秒钟内闪烁超过三次的元素.
- 不要提供不相关的链接.
- Give descriptive labels in form fields or use ARIA-described by to include help text in forms.
Level AA
这是最常见和可接受的水平. Many websites aim to achieve level AA to qualify the WCAG and ADA compliance. In this level, websites follow all the requirements mentioned in level A and additional requirements of this level.
- 现场音频和视频需要字幕. 此外，视频应该包括旁白，以更好地达到目的.
- 设备方向不应该是内容的问题. It should be available in both horizontal and vertical forms on all devices.
- 文本的颜色对比度为4.5:1, for text and image 3:1, and the text size should be a minimum of 16px.
- Content on hover or focus should appear adequately and should not overlap other content.
- The website should contain any of these - a table of contents, sitemap, or a list of related pages.
- 每页的标题和标签应该是唯一的.
- 键盘焦点应该高度可见, and visible elements should have focused all the time if using the keyboard.
- 网页上的相同组件应该以一致的顺序出现.
- To convey a status message, use ARIA live regions or ARIA alert to make it understandable for screen readers.
- 网页表单应该有准确的标签和导航.
Level AAA
这是高级可访问性一致性. To achieve this level, an ADA网站设计 should be created with all the technical considerations and robust tools. You should have all the significant resources to meet the expectations of this level. It has all the previously mentioned (Level A and AA) guidelines and many more additional regulations.
- Streaming media should have sign language interpretation and accurate audio description.
- 尽量避免在网站上加入背景音频.
- 文字和图片的文字色彩对比应达到7:1.
- 超链接应该能够自我识别到目的地.
- 章节标题应该以更具体的方式呈现内容.
- 网站上的每一个操作都可以只用键盘来完成.
- 应该在网站上提供颜色切换器和文本大小调整器.
- 一个同义词典是需要在网站给缩写的意义, idioms, unusual words, or technical terms.
- 闪烁的内容块是不可取的.
- 不应该对用户施加时间限制. 他们应该能够以自己喜欢的方式浏览网站.
- 网页上文字的阅读水平不应该太高.
Read WCAG 2.1 Quick Reference document 有关这些指引的详细资料.
WCAG合规级别可改善您的内容!
这些级别有助于提高网站的整体质量. Eventually, you get the benefits of search engine optimization and higher retention and conversion. 实现可访问性目标, you should apply the guidelines and do proper testing to check the outcome.
However, WCAG是灵活的，适用于各种情况, yet you ought to be careful while applying these rules to avoid any blunder. With legal approval, your site can be accessible to more people on the web. 它将帮助你的事业成长和腾飞.
此外，还探讨了WCAG 2与WCAG 2的区别.0, 2.1, and 2.2 checklist:
Download WCAG 2.0, 2.1 and 2.2 checklist now 了解其细节上的差异 & make your digital assets into compliance with the latest WCAG standards.
Is your website, web application, documents, 移动应用程序为残疾人访问? 拥有一支专家团队，我们提供完整的服务 ADA网页无障碍服务 including audit, strategy, design, and development services that comply with accessibility regulations such as ADA, WCAG 2.0, 2.1, 2.在你的预算范围内. Get in touch with us at [email protected] 或提交以下要求免费报价表格.
